Specifically, we have added the two following sentences to the manuscript. We thank the reviewers for these comments and suggestions. Theoretically, one of the most appealing features of a meta-analysis based on primary data is that, by analysing all the data in a consistent manner, effect sizes of all the studies are comparable reviewed by Mengersen et al. From our analyses it is, however, difficult to conclude about whether meta-analyses based on primary data should be the preferred option.
This is because our analyses were not designed to specifically test for differences between the two approaches. Lastly, we have no reason to believe that standardizing all effect sizes by re-analysing the primary data should lead to bias in the conclusions, but rather the opposite see the response to the comment 2a above; see also a recent review about open data meta-analysis: Culina et al.
We reference two reviews about the topic in our Introduction Simmonds et al. Those three references provide strong support for the assertion that meta-analysis of primary data should be considered the gold standard.
We thank the reviewers for spotting this lack of transparency. We have now included the following sentence at the end of the Materials and methods section:. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. We thank Wolfgang Forstmeier, Lucy Winder, and Tim Parker and an anonymous reviewer for constructive feedback on the manuscript. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
Article citation count generated by polling the highest count across the following sources: Scopus , Crossref , PubMed Central. The life cycle of microorganisms is associated with dynamic metabolic transitions and complex cellular responses.
In yeast, how metabolic signals control the progressive choreography of structural reorganizations observed in quiescent cells during a natural life cycle remains unclear. We have developed an integrated microfluidic device to address this question, enabling continuous single-cell tracking in a batch culture experiencing unperturbed nutrient exhaustion to unravel the coordination between metabolic and structural transitions within cells.
Our technique reveals an abrupt fate divergence in the population, whereby a fraction of cells is unable to transition to respiratory metabolism and undergoes a reversible entry into a quiescence-like state leading to premature cell death. Further observations reveal that nonmonotonous internal pH fluctuations in respiration-competent cells orchestrate the successive waves of protein superassemblies formation that accompany the entry into a bona fide quiescent state.
This ultimately leads to an abrupt cytosolic glass transition that occurs stochastically long after proliferation cessation.
This new experimental framework provides a unique way to track single-cell fate dynamics over a long timescale in a population of cells that continuously modify their ecological niche. How fast the brain and muscles can respond to information about prey location constrains visual and echolocating predators in similar ways. Suction is widely used by animals for strong controllable underwater adhesion but is less well understood than adhesion of terrestrial climbing animals.
Here we investigate the attachment of aquatic insect larvae Blephariceridae , which cling to rocks in torrential streams using the only known muscle-actuated suction organs in insects.
We measured their attachment forces on well-defined rough substrates and found that their adhesion was less reduced by micro-roughness than that of terrestrial climbing insects. In vivo visualisation of the suction organs in contact with microstructured substrates revealed that they can mould around large asperities to form a seal.
We have shown that the ventral surface of the suction disc is covered by dense arrays of microtrichia, which are stiff spine-like cuticular structures that only make tip contact. Our results demonstrate the impressive performance and versatility of blepharicerid suction organs and highlight their potential as a study system to explore biological suction mechanisms. Cited 28 Views 3, Annotations Open annotations. The current annotation count on this page is being calculated.
Cite this article as: eLife ;7:e doi: Table 1. Post-breeding estimates originally reported as statistically non-significant. Pre-infection estimates originally reported as statistically non-significant.
Hungary captivity Yes 3 4 46 Unpublished data part of: Lendvai et al. Germany captivity Yes 3 4 95 Unpublished study conducted in Lundy Island wild Yes 3 7 Unpublished study conducted from to Figure 1.
Download asset Open asset. Table 2. Table 3. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Table 4. Appendix 1—table 1. Appendix 1—table 2. Note that some studies used more than one method to estimate bib size. Appendix 1—table 3. Appendix 1—table 4. Reference Comments Ritchison, According to the original publication, the total number of birds studied was 35, as opposed to the 25 individuals used in the meta-analyses of Nakagawa et al.
Hein et al. This is because our re-analysis only included fully identified individuals e. Dolnik and Hoi, 32 males were selected for the experiment, but one bird was excluded before the start of the experiment.
Thus, n was set to 31 individuals for this study. Buchanan et al. Rojas Mora et al. Appendix 1—table 5. Live observations after mild food deprivation were conducted to record agonistic dyadic interactions i. Bib length and width were measured for each male before the dominance observations using a ruler.
More information can be found in Lendvai et al. Bib area was measured for each male using standardized pictures taken after the dominance observations. Live and video observations after mild food deprivation were conducted to record agonistic dyadic interactions i. Videos after mild food deprivation were taken to record agonistic dyadic interactions i. Videos were taken to record agonistic dyadic interactions i.
Bib length and width were measured for each male before the dominance observations using a calliper as in Morrison et al. Appendix 2—figure 1. Appendix 2—figure 2.
First, we need to clear up the memory and load the pwr library. Oikos — Dixson BJ Vasey PL Beards augment perceptions of men's age, social status, and aggressiveness, but not attractiveness Behavioral Ecology 23 — Duval S Tweedie R b Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication Bias in meta-analysis Biometrics 56 — Geist V The evolutionary significance of mountain sheep horns Evolution 20 — Hadfield JD Nakagawa S General quantitative genetic methods for comparative biology: phylogenies, taxonomies and multi-trait models for continuous and categorical characters Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23 — Jennions MD A survey of the statistical power of research in behavioral ecology and animal behavior Behavioral Ecology 14 — Princenton: Princeton University Press.
Kimball RT Female choice for male morphological traits in house sparrows, Passer domesticus Ethology — Laucht S Kempenaers B Dale J Bill color, not badge size, indicates testosterone-related information in house sparrows Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 64 — Nakagawa S Cuthill IC Effect size, confidence interval and statistical significance: a practical guide for biologists Biological Reviews 82 — Nakagawa S Poulin R a Meta-analytic insights into evolutionary ecology: an introduction and synthesis Evolutionary Ecology 26 — Nakagawa S Schielzeth H A general and simple method fo r obtaining R 2 from generalized linea r mixed-effects models Methods in Ecology and Evolution 4 — Palmer AR Quasi-Replication and the contract of error: lessons from sex ratios, heritabilities and fluctuating asymmetry Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31 — Pape Moller A Natural and sexual selection on a plumage signal of status and on morphology in house sparrows, Passer domesticus Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2 — Parker TH What do we really know about the signalling role of plumage colour in blue tits?
A case study of impediments to progress in evolutionary biology Biological Reviews 88 — Poulin R Manipulation of host behaviour by parasites: a weakening paradigm? Richards TA Bass D Molecular screening of free-living microbial eukaryotes: diversity and distribution using a meta-analysis Current Opinion in Microbiology 8 — Ritchison G Plumage variability and social status in captive male house sparrows. Rohwer S The social significance of avian winter plumage variability Evolution 29 Rosenthal R The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results Psychological Bulletin 86 — If citation behavior is If citation behavior is rationale, i.
This prediction was not supported. Citations are likely thus a poor proxy for the quantitative merit of a given treatment in ecology and evolutionary biology-unlike evidence-based medicine wherein the success of a drug or treatment on human health is one of the critical attributes. Impact factor of the journal is a broader metric, as one would expect, but it also unrelated to the mean effect sizes for the respective populations of publications.
The interpretation by the authors of the treatment effects within each study differed depending on whether the hypothesis was supported or rejected. Significantly larger effect sizes were associated with rejection of a hypothesis. This suggests that only the most rigorous studies reporting negative results are published or that authors set a higher burden of proof in rejecting a hypothesis. These findings indicate that the use of citations to identify important papers in this specific discipline-at least in terms of designing a new experiment or contrasting treatments-is of limited value.
Publication Date: Publication Name: Scientometrics. Communication , Journalism , Mass Communication , Scientometrics , Citation context analysis , and 4 more Library and Information Studies , Biases , Self citation , and Bibliometric and citation analysis Library and Information Studies , Biases , Self citation , and Bibliometric and citation analysis. Egg mass in an asynchronously hatching parrot: does variation offset constraints imposed by laying order?
Publication Date: Publication Name: Oecologia. The quest for an ecological postdoc more. Resource allocation varies with parental sex and brood size in the asynchronously hatching green-rumped parrotlet Forpus passerinus more. Against the odds? Nestling sex ratio variation in green-rumped parrotlets more.
The authors respond more. Impact Factor. Does double-blind review favor female authors? Reply more. Begging in Nestling Birds more. This conflict was first Resource Allocation , Parental care , and Parental investment.
Affiliations 1 author 1. Share this article Share with email Share with twitter Share with linkedin Share with facebook. Abstract Publication bias has been recognized as a problem in ecology and evolution that can undermine reviews of research results. Free full text. Proc Biol Sci. PMID: Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Phillip Cassey: rf.
Copyright notice. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Lipid and fatty acid profiles in rats consuming different high-fat ketogenic diets.
Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Facultative primary sex ratio variation: a lack of evidence in birds? Sexually selected traits and adult survival: a meta-analysis. Q Rev Biol. Publication and related biases. Health Technol Assess. Full text links Read article at publisher's site DOI : Smart citations by scite.
The number of the statements may be higher than the number of citations provided by EuropePMC if one paper cites another multiple times or lower if scite has not yet processed some of the citing articles. Explore citation contexts and check if this article has been supported or disputed. Sensitivity analyses via rejection rate as a reviewer mean rejection intensity index and: exclusions were also used to ensure that a relationship detected a the number of high impact factor journals out of a selection was not a product of single individuals.
Increasing variance at higher scientific ages is due to smaller experience in high-impact-factor IF journals Table 1. Further- sample sizes. Spearman rank correlation coefficients rs and associated P- more, respondents that publish in a greater number of high-IF values are shown for plotted data. There was no relationship expectations or value criteria for merit differently. However, there is a positive relationship differentially weighted such as empirical rigor, or repeatability.
Discussion Nevertheless, variation in rejection rate by reviewer attributes, as reported here, represents a potential reviewer bias, which is likely Peer review is a necessary tool in science. It improves science and gives our work credibility. However, reviewer assignment is to affect community-level perception and assignment of relative not a random draw nor without consequence; the selection of a merit in the peer-review process [2].
Our data suggest that several given reviewer can affect the fate of a paper and the importance of formal elements could be included in the peer review process to referee selection has been critically overlooked [8]. Here, we ensure that at the very minimum the panel of peers is examined whether referees with different publication track records representative of that specific community of scientists. Scientific report different recommended rejection rates when reviewing.
Our age apparently has no influence, but our results suggest that results show that ecologists do not become more critical reviewers selection of referees should be balanced on a per manuscript basis over time per se, but that they do likely become more critical as they by publication record in the top-tier journals. In addition, based publish more in high-IF journals. The increase in recommended on our results, many submitting authors might be persuaded to rejection rates can be as much as double or triple i.
Arguably, those who publish in more extensively in high-IF journals. Nevertheless, these journals are Appendix S1 also likely to receive relatively high quality submissions, and these reviewers are also likely to be doing much or most of their Found at: doi Lawrence PA The politics of publication.
Nature —
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